Hepatitis C is a viral infection that affects the liver. It is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is primarily transmitted through contact with infected blood. While some individuals with hepatitis C experience a short-term illness, others develop a long-term infection known as chronic hepatitis C, which can lead to serious problems including cirrhosis (scarring of the liver) and liver cancer.

Unlike hepatitis A and hepatitis B, there is no vaccine for hepatitis C.

People with chronic hepatitis C often display no symptoms. When symptoms do appear, they typically indicate advanced liver disease. Testing is crucial for early detection and lifesaving intervention.

Who should take this test?

This test is for anyone concerned about exposure to the hepatitis C virus. The CDC recommends one-time testing for all adults and routine testing for individuals with a higher risk of exposure, including anyone who has received maintenance hemodialysis and those who share needles or other equipment used to prepare and inject drugs.

What is included in this test?

This blood test screens for:

• HCV antibodies

This test detects the presence of antibodies against the hepatitis C virus in the bloodstream. If antibodies are detected, it also quantifies the amount of viral RNA (genetic material) present, in order to distinguish between a past infection (where antibodies may still be present but the virus has been cleared by the immune system) and an ongoing active infection (where both antibodies and viral RNA are present).

How will taking this test benefit me?

Treatment options for hepatitis C have advanced significantly in recent years, with highly effective antiviral medications available. Early detection and intervention can lead to better outcomes, and testing provides valuable information about the status of the infection.